Your Life Insurance: How Does It Work?

Life insurance is exactly what the name suggests an insurance policy on your life. You buy a policy from an authorized agent, paying the company a monthly, quarterly, or annual premium. In return, the insurance company agrees to pay a set amount of money after your death. The proceeds of a life insurance policy go to your designated beneficiaries, usually in a single lump sum payment. If the policy does not designate beneficiaries, then the payment is made to your estate.

There are two types of life insurance policies: Protection policies: these are commonly called term life insurance. These policies are temporary and provide coverage for a specific number of years for a specific premium.

Term life does not build up cash value. You are just buying protection in the event of your death, and nothing else.

Whole life, also sometimes called permanent life insurance. The objective of whole life insurance is to accumulate money through the payment of regular or lump-sum premiums on which interest is paid, while also providing coverage in the event of death. Whole life coverage is sometimes also called permanent life insurance. The premiums you pay for whole life do not change, and there is a fixed, guaranteed cash value for the policy. The funds accumulated from the payment of premiums each year can be paid to you whether or nor you die, for emergencies, vacations, retirement, or other expenses. If you take these funds for other purposes, of course, they are not paid when you die.

In addition to whole life insurance, other permanent policies include universal life insurance, which offers flexibility in that the insured can change the payment schedule or coverage amount; variable universal life insurance, which allows the potential for earning market returns; and single payment whole life insurance, where the insured buys the policy with one lump sum payment.

Life insurance policies typically pay on death, although they may also cover dismemberment or certain serious illness, such as heart attack or cancer, and provide additional benefits in the event of accidental death. It all depends on the particular policy you buy. Proof of death, injury, or illness is always required before the insurance company makes payment, regardless of the type of policy. Remember, before you are covered, you first have to get a physical exam from a company-approved doctor, so the company has an accurate picture of your medical history. Even after you pass your physical and your application is approved, your coverage does not start until your premiums are paid. Once your application is approved and your premiums are paid, only then is your policy is activated.

A qualified life insurance agent can answer all your questions. He or she can help you customize coverage to meet the needs of your family.

Tom Martens is the content syndication coordinator at Lifeinsurance-Southafrica.co.za South Arica?s leading Life Insurance and Life Cover portal.